Botswana’s commitment to conservation is visible through its numerous national parks and protected areas that provide safe habitats for avian species. Birdwatching tourism contributes to conservation by raising awareness and funds that support sustainable practices. Visitors are encouraged to follow ethical birdwatching practices, respecting local regulations and minimizing environmental impact.
Bird watching in Botswana is a dream come true for ornithologists and nature enthusiasts alike. With over 600 recorded bird species, the country’s diverse habitats provide a rich avian experience that changes with the seasons. From the lush Okavango Delta and expansive Chobe National Park to the arid Kalahari Desert, Botswana’s landscapes attract migratory birds and sustain many resident species, offering year-round birdwatching opportunities.
- Okavango Delta The Okavango Delta, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a globally recognized birding destination, particularly during the rainy season (November to April). As seasonal floodwaters transform the delta into a vast oasis, bird species such as the African fish eagle, malachite kingfisher, and slaty egret can be spotted. This region is also known for rarer sightings of species like Pel’s fishing owl and the lesser jacana, which are sought-after by avid birdwatchers. The delta’s waterways, islands, and lush surroundings create ideal habitats, making it the perfect environment for both beginner and advanced bird enthusiasts.
- Chobe National Park Famous for its dense elephant population, Chobe National Park is also a haven for bird lovers, with over 450 species recorded. The Chobe River attracts a variety of waders and waterbirds, including African skimmers, storks, and herons. Boat safaris along the river provide excellent birdwatching vantage points, and guides help identify both common and rare species, such as the African spoonbill and the pygmy goose. During the dry season, birdwatchers can also enjoy sightings of raptors like the bateleur and martial eagle along the park’s open savannahs.
- Central Kalahari Game Reserve The arid Central Kalahari offers unique birdwatching opportunities for species adapted to drier climates. It’s an ideal location to see birds like the Kori bustard (Botswana’s national bird), Namaqua sandgrouse, and secretary bird. During the rainy season, the reserve’s landscape becomes dotted with green vegetation, attracting migratory birds and encouraging increased bird activity.
- Makgadikgadi and Nxai Pan National Parks Known for their seasonal zebra migrations, these parks also provide an impressive birdwatching experience. In particular, the Makgadikgadi Pans attract large flocks of greater and lesser flamingos during the rainy season. Other notable sightings include the Kittlitz’s plover and the black-winged stilt. The pans’ unique salt flats create a beautiful contrast with the colorful flocks of flamingos, making it a visually stunning birding location.
- Moremi Game Reserve Located on the eastern side of the Okavango Delta, Moremi Game Reserve is renowned for its biodiversity, making it an excellent spot for both land and waterbird species. Here, birdwatchers can find species such as saddle-billed storks, African jacanas, and white-backed vultures. Moremi’s dense woodlands, open grasslands, and waterways create a variety of bird habitats, allowing visitors to enjoy diverse birdlife in one location.
While birdwatching can be enjoyed year-round in Botswana, the wet season (November to April) is ideal for spotting migratory birds, as they flock to the country to take advantage of its seasonal waters and food availability. This period also brings out breeding plumage in many species, making for vibrant and dynamic viewing. However, the dry season (May to October) still offers excellent opportunities, especially for raptors, storks, and waterbirds, as they congregate around remaining water sources.
Iconic Birds of Botswana
- African Fish Eagle – Known for its distinct call and striking black-and-white plumage, the African fish eagle is a common sight along the waterways of the Okavango and Chobe.
- Kori Bustard – Botswana’s national bird and one of the heaviest flying birds in the world, often seen striding through open grasslands.
- Pel’s Fishing Owl – A rare and sought-after species often found in dense forested areas along the Okavango Delta.
- Carmine Bee-eater – Brightly colored and often seen in large colonies, these birds are a favorite for photographers, especially along riverbanks.
- Southern Ground Hornbill – A striking, large bird with a deep call and easily recognizable by its red facial skin, often seen walking in groups.
Birdwatching Tips for Botswana
- Bring a Good Pair of Binoculars: The vast landscapes mean birds can sometimes be seen at a distance, so high-quality binoculars are essential.
- Consider a Guided Tour: Many local guides are excellent birders and can help locate rare species, provide insight into bird behavior, and identify bird calls.
- Dress in Neutral Colors: Blending in with the environment can help minimize disturbance to the birds.
- Stay Patient and Quiet: Some of the rarest sightings require a bit of waiting, especially for species like Pel’s fishing owl or the elusive African skimmer.
- Protect Against the Sun: Botswana’s climate can be intense, so wear a hat, sunscreen, and stay hydrated during birdwatching outings.
